What is cement made of? What is the reason that it becomes so hard after drying?

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What is cement made of

Cement is produced by mixing limestone / chalk with shale /clay in certain proportions. This mixture is lit at a temperature of 1450 ° C in a rotary kiln. The material is partially melted and converted into balls due to heat. It is described as a clinker.

The clinker is cooled and grinded to a fine powder to which a certain percentage of gypsum is added. This resulting product is a commercial cement, which is widely used worldwide. 

Cement is a hydraulic binder that binds passive building materials such as brick, sand, and stone chips to form structures. The binding effect occurs when water is poured, cement reacts chemically with water. In fact, cement is a chemical compound. Cement contains the following chemical compounds in different proportions. 

  • Tri-calcium Silicate
  • Di-calcium Silicate
  • Tri-calcium Aluminate
  • Tetra calcium Alumino-ferrite
Tri-calcium silicate and di-calcium silicate are mostly responsible for the strength characteristics of cement. After the chemical reaction of these compounds, it becomes a hard stone. This is why cement is used to make concrete.

(CEMENT BAGS)

Concrete is a very amazing and useful material. A good quality concrete has a life of about 100 years. Concrete achieves 95% of its strength at 28 days of age and continues to gain strength for up to 100 years but at a much slower rate. Now, you can understand how much the life of a building made of concrete will be. Generally, we assume a building life of about 80 to 85 years but good quality concrete, good workmanship and proper maintenance of the building can extend the life of the building to over 100 years.

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